if

conjunction · nounA1

Định nghĩa theo từ loại

conjunction

eefifeniffenif'n

1.
Supposing that, assuming that, in the circumstances that; used to introduce a condition that may be (or prove to be) either true or false.
If crossing the road, make sure you look both ways.
If I give you the money would/will you buy it for me?
If you prefer, I can come tomorrow instead.
I'll, if I have time, do it next week.
I'll come only if you will do the driving.
Fetch me a cold beer if there's one in the fridge.
2.
Supposing that; used with past or past perfect subjunctive to indicate a counterfactual or hypothetical condition.
If she hadn't told me, I wouldn't know.
"You would be healthier if you would give up smoking" "Well, if I were rich, I'd go to one of those hypnosis therapies to quit".
She could have used my car if the battery wasn't flat.
3.
Considering the fact that; given that; introducing a condition that is known to be true.
The drain's blocked — and if the drain's blocked, the water won't flow.
4.
When; whenever; every time that.
If you heat water to 100° C, it boils.
If it rains, it pours.
5.
Although; used to introduce a concession; may..but.
He was a great friend, if a little stingy at the bar.
She won her team's admiration, if not the award, for her performance.
6.
(proscribed, sometimes)(sometimes proscribed) Whether; used to introduce a noun clause, an indirect question, that functions as the direct object of certain verbs.
I don't know if I want to go or not.
Quoth Matthew, “ […] / She doubts if two and two make four, / […] ”
7.
Introducing a relevance conditional; in case.
I have leftover cake if you want some.
If you want to go home, I have the car keys.
8.
(rare)(somewhat rare) While; used to introduce a contrast.

Danh từ

noun

Plural noun:

ifs

1.
(informal)An uncertainty, possibility, condition, doubt etc.
The board can't approve this project; there are too many ifs.
1709, Susannah Centlivre, The Busy Body, Act III, in John Bell (ed.), British Theater, J. Bell (1791), page 59, Sir Fran. Nay, but Chargy, if——— ¶ Miran. Nay, Gardy, no Ifs.——Have I refus'd three northern lords, two British peers, and half a score knights, to have put in your Ifs?

Từ liên quan

Cùng gốc / liên quan

and ifan ifas ifas if by magicas if nothing had happenedas if one's life depended on itas if one's life depends on itas-if ruleas if someone owns the placeas if there is no tomorrowas if there's no tomorrowas if there was no tomorrowas if there were no tomorrowbig if truebut ifclaret would be port if it couldcorrect me if I'm wrongdamned if I knowdamned if one does and damned if one doesn'tdon't mind if I do

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Nguồn gốc từ

From Middle English if, yif, yef, from Old English ġif (if), from *jabu, *jabē, from Proto-Germanic *jabai (when, if). Cognate with gif, af, of (if, whether), oft whether, of, ef, if, af, of ("if; whether"; > of), ob, ef if.